CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS
Biomarker Testing in Cancer
Biomarkers are genes, proteins, and other substances which can provide information about an individual’s cancer as each person has a unique pattern of biomarkers. They are also known as tumor markers. Some are cancer specific, whereas others may be associated with different cancer types. Some biomarkers provide diagnosis, some prognosis and some affect how certain cancer treatments work. Many different tumor markers have been characterized and are in clinical use.
Commonly tested Cancer Biomarkers with Prognostic/Predictive importance
| Test Code | Biomarker | Cancer | Importance/Therapy |
|---|---|---|---|
| OG016 | IDH1 & 2 | AML | Enasidenib, Ivosidenib, Vorasidenib |
| OG032 | CEBPA | AML | CEBPA mutations are associated with favourable prognosis in the absence of associated cytogenetic abnormalities |
| OG033 | NPM1 | AML | Favourable prognosis in the absence of a FLT3 internal tandem duplication |
| OG034 | FLT3 | AML | Gilteritinib |
| OG019 | PIK3CA | Breast Cancer | PI3K inhibitor; Alpelisib |
| OG035 | HER2 mutations | Her2+ Breast Cancer | HER2-positive patients carrying S310F, S310Y, R678Q, D769H, or I767M mutations are good candidates for anti-HER2 therapy. L755S or D769Y mutation also confer benefits when receiving Neratinib or Afatinib. Mutations L755S, V842I, K753I, or D769Y do not seem to benefit from Trastuzumab. Resistance to Lapatinib in patients with L755S, V842I, and K753I mutations |
| OG036 | HER2 Amplification (+ve/ -ve) | Metastatic Breast Cancer | Her2 +ve -Aggressive cancer; Tucatinib (Tukysa), Trastuzumab (Herceptin) and Capecitabine (Xeloda) |
| OG021 | ABL KINASE mutations | CML | Resistance to BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKIs) Imatinib |
| OG022 | BCR/ABL | CML | Imatinib, Dasatinib, Nilotinib |
| OG015 | UGTA1 | CRC, Gastrointestinal cancers | Toxicity to Irinotecan therapy |
| OG014 | DPYD | CRC, Head& Neck, Gastro-intestinal cancer | Toxicity to Fluorouracil/ 5FU therapy, capecitabine |
| OG037 | NRAS | CRC, Melanoma, Haemopoitic malignancies, Lung Cancer | Trametinib |
| OG038 | KIT | GIST, Melanoma | Imatinib, Sunitinib |
| OG016 | IDH1 & 2 | Gliobastoma | IDH mutations are diagnostic marker for differential diagnosis of low-grade glioma from reactive gliosis and other IDH-wild type tumour entities. First-line PCV in combination with radiotherapy |
| OG020 | TPMT | Leukaemia, Lymphoma | Hematopoietic toxicity |
| OG017 | EGFR | Lung | Positive response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs): Afatinib (Gilotrif), Dacomitinib (Vizimpro), Erlotinib (Tarceva), Gefitinib (Iressa), Osimertinib (Tagrisso) |
| OG039 | MET EXON 14 SKIPPING | Lung | MET inhibitor drug: Capmatinib or Tepotinib, TEPMETKO |
| OG010 | NTRK FUSION | Lung | Entrectinib and Larotrectinib. |
| OG010 | ALK FUSION | Lung | Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) or ALK-inhibitor (Crizotinib (Xalkori) Ceritinib (Zykadia) Alectinib (Alecensa) Brigatinib (Alunbrig) Lorlatinib (Lorbrena)) |
| OG010 | ROS1 FUSION | Lung | ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) or ROS1 inhibitor (crizotinib or entrectinib) |
| OG010 | RET FUSION | Lung | Selpercatinib and pralsetinib (RET-inhibitors) |
| OG040 | KRAS | Lung, CRC | 1. Sotorasib (FDA approvded) in G12C mutation in NSCLC. 2. In KRAS mutated CRC cases: poor response to EGFR-inhibitors & patients with a KRAS mutation or unknown KRAS status should not receive EGFR-inhibitors like Cetuximab or Panitumumab. 3. Patients with mutated or unknown KRAS or NRAS status should receive chemotherapy including FOLFOX, CAPOX, or FOLFIRI with or without bevacizumab |
| OG018 | BRAF | Lung, CRC, Melanoma | BRAF inhibitors: Dabrafenib, Encorafenib,Vemurafenib |
| OG041 | TERT | Melanoma | Longer survival in patients with melanoma receiving BRAF/MEK-targeted therapies |
| OG042 | JAK2 | Myeloproliferative cancer | Ruxolitinib |
| OG012 | Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) deficiency related mutations | Breast, Ovarian, Prostate | PARP inhibitors (PARPis) Olaparib, Rucaparib and Niraparib |
| OG006 | Microsatellite Instability (MSI) | CRC | Immune checkpoint inhibitors |
| OG001/OG002 | BRCA 1/ 2 mutations | Breast Cancer | Olaparib and Talazoparib |
| OG008 | Tumour Mutation Load/Burden | NSCLC, urothelial carcinoma | Pembrolizumab |
Who needs this test?
Treating oncologists may refer patients to develop treatment strategies that target, specific tumour genome mutations, allow follow up of disease and understand the appropriateness of future second line treatments
Why Bioserve - REPROCELL India?
- Clinically relevant improvements and their interpretations and links to drug efficacy.
- Recommendations for targeted therapies or possible resistance mechanisms, and the prognosis and current clinical trials.
- High precision reporting with accuracy by ensuring all the quality requirements.
- Quicker Turnaround time, Competitive pricing and detailed clinical interpretations and links to drug response/efficacy wherever possible.
- The test has been validated in house and offers coverage range of 500-1000X.
Our Other Panels!
We offer several cancer panels depending upon the needs of the Oncologists, these include..
BRCA 1/2 Gene Testing
BRCA panel for testing mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes
Lung RNA Fusion Panel
Lung RNA fusion panel for detecting gene fusions in major driver genes
BRCA Extended Panel
Profiling of 15 genes associated with hereditary Breast and Ovarian cancer, pancreatic and prostate cancer
Hereditary Cancers panel
Profiling of >140 genes associated with inherited cancers